This post describes how to change network device settings, such as speed, duplex, and auto-negotiation in Linux with ethtool commands.
Currently, my NIC enx00e04c42a3fe is working in Full duplex mode at 100 Mbps speed. To change it, let’s say in Full duplex mode at 10 Mbps speed, run ethtool as follows: $ sudo ethtool -s enx00e04c42a3fe speed 10 duplex full autoneg off. As you can see, the speed is changed to 10Mbps and the duplex mode is full. My primary tools for reading OSX details on hardware are systemprofiler and ioreg. For network interface details, ifconfig is the best bet. The first two will show you connection paths for the hardware as well as software driver information. In your example - media and status provide most of the details you listed. See full list on linux.die.net.
Enable WOL in the operating system. When the OS shuts down, it sends signals that turn off all the hardware. The operating system is responsible for keeping network adapter powered on, so it may receive Magic Packet and power the system up. This section will describe how to enable this in Windows, Mac OS X and Linux.
Basic Terminologies
Half-duplex mode allows a device to either send or receive packets in turn. A device set to this mode could not perform both actions at the same time. When a device is using a mode of full-duplex, it could send and receive packets simultaneously.
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Auto-Negotiation is a mechanism by which a device automatically chooses the best performing transmission mode based on its counterparts’ characteristics. It is recommended to keep Auto-Negotiation enabled as it allows devices to choose the most efficient means for the transfer of data. When a device, with enabled auto-negotiation, connects to a device that is not using this signaling method, the process does not work. The end of the connection with an active auto-negotiation is still able to detect the speed of the other end, but cannot correctly detect the duplex mode. As a rule, the auto-negotiating end of the connection is going to use half-duplex while the other end might be at full-duplex. This situation is considered a duplex mismatch.
A duplex mismatch does not stop communication completely. Single packets and small amounts of data do not cause immediate issues. However, when a large amount of data is sent from either end, the speed drops significantly. The connection is working, but the performance is reduced as the data transfer rate is asymmetrical and might lead to packet loss.
To Check Current NIC Settings
Ethtool is a Network Interface Card configuration command that allows us to retrieve information and change our NIC settings. The information includes Speed, Duplex, Auto-Negotiation, and many other parameters.
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To continue, we have to know the name of the network interface card. To get the name of the network interface card, just run:
From the example above, the name of the device is enp0s3. So we have got the name of the device.
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To further check the current Speed, Auto-Negotiation, and Duplex mode settings with the command: ethtool devicename. For example:
The command output above shows that the current speed is 1000Mb/s, that the Duplex is at ‘Full’ and that Auto-Negotiation is turned on.
To Change Ethernet Adapter Settings
The “ethtool –s” command could define the values for “speed“, “duplex“, and “autoneg“. Syntax is:
For example, to set the speed at 1000Mb/s, the duplex mode to ‘full’ and the auto-negotiation to ‘on’ the command would be:
To Permanently Set Ethtool Command Settings
Modifications made with ethtool command are by default disappeared after a reboot. For permanent settings, the interface configuration file has to be edited. For example in our case we have to modify the file “/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3”:
Add a line with following syntax:
For example:
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Save file and restart network service or reboot server and then the changes are now permanent.